Ludzie pragną czasami się rozstawać, żeby móc tęsknić, czekać i cieszyć się z powrotem.
C., 20–25 February 1989. Edited by L.M. Dar-melas) in the western and eastern North Atlantic. ICES J. Mar.
ling and W.R. Archibald. International Association for Bear
Sci. 52: 837–841. doi:10.1006/jmsc.1995.0080.
Research and Management, Washington, D.C. pp. 351–356.
Amstrup, S.C., Stirling, I., and Lentfer, J. 1986. Size and trends of
[Available from Terry D. White, Department of Forestry, Wild-
Alaskan polar bear populations. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 14: 251–254.
life, and Fisheries, The University of Tennessee, P.O. Box 1071,
Amstrup, S.C., Durner, G.M., Stirling, I., Lunn, N.J., and Messier,
Knoxville, TN 37901-1071, USA; also refer to www.bearbiology.
F. 2000. Movements and distribution of polar bears in the
com]
Beaufort Sea. Can. J. Zool. 78: 948–966. doi:10.1139/cjz-78-6-Conover, W.J. 1999. Practical nonparametric statistics. 3rd ed. John 948.
Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York.
Amstrup, S.C., McDonald, T.L., and Stirling, I. 2001. Polar bears
Darimont, C., and Reimchen, T. 2002. Intra-hair stable isotope ana-
in the Beaufort Sea: a 30-year mark–recapture case history. J.
lysis implies seasonal shift to salmon in gray wolf diet. Can. J.
Agric. Biol. Environ. Stat. 6: 221–234.
Zool. 80: 1638–1642. doi:10.1139/z02-149.
Amstrup, S.C., McDonald, T.L., and Durner, G.M. 2004. Using
Dehn, L.-A., Sheffield, G.G., Follmann, E.H., Duffy, L.K., Tho-
satellite radiotelemetry data to delineate and manage wildlife
mas, D.L., Bratton, G.R., Taylor, R.J., and O’Hara, T.M. 2005.
populations. Wildl. Soc. Bull. 32: 661–679.
Trace elements in tissues of phocid seals harvested in the Alas-
Amstrup, S.C., Durner, G.M., Stirling, I., and McDonald, T.L.
kan and Canadian Arctic: influence of age and feeding ecology.
2005. Allocating harvests among polar bear stocks in the Beau-
Can. J. Zool. 83: 726–746. doi:10.1139/z05-053.
fort Sea. Arctic, 58: 247–259.
Dehn, L.-A., Follmann, E.H., Rosa, C., Duffy, L.K., Thomas, D.L.,
Amstrup, S.C., Stirling, I., Smith, T.S., Perham, C., and Thiemann,
Bratton, G.R., Taylor, R.J., and O’Hara, T.M. 2006. Stable iso-
G.W. 2006. Recent observations of intraspecific predation and
tope and trace element status of subsistence-hunted bowhead
cannibalism among polar bears in the southern Beaufort Sea.
and beluga whales in Alaska and gray whales in Chukotka.
Polar Biol. 29: 997–1002. doi:10.1007/s00300-006-0142-5.
Mar. Pollut. Bull. 52: 301–319. PMID:16216281.
Atkinson, S.N., Nelson, R.A., and Ramsay, M.A. 1996. Changes in
Derocher, A.E., and Wiig, Ø. 1999. Infanticide and cannibalism of
the body composition of fasting polar bears ( Ursus maritimus): juvenile polar bears ( Ursus maritimus) in Svalbard. Arctic, 52: the effect of relative fatness on protein conservation. Physiol.
307–310.
Zool. 69: 304–316.
Derocher, A.E., Wiig, Ø., and Andersen, M. 2002. Diet composi-
Atwell, L., Hobson, K.A., and Welch, H.E. 1998. Biomagnification
tion of polar bears in Svalbard and the western Barents Sea. Po-
and bioaccumulation of mercury in an arctic marine food web:
lar Biol. 25: 448–452.
insights from stable nitrogen isotope analysis. Can. J. Fish.
Durner, G.M., and Amstrup, S.C. 1996. Mass and body-dimension
Aquat. Sci. 55: 1114–1121. doi:10.1139/cjfas-55-5-1114.
relationships of polar bears in northern Alaska. Wildl. Soc. Bull.
Ben-David, M. 1996. Seasonal diets of mink and martins: effects of
24: 480–484.
spatial and temporal changes in resource abundance. Ph.D. the-
Durner, G.M., Amstrup, S.C., Neilson, R., and McDonald, T. 2004.
sis, Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska
The use of sea ice habitat by female polar bears in the Beaufort
Fairbanks, Fairbanks.
Sea. OCS study, MMS 2004-014, US Geological Survey, Alaska
Ben-David, M., and Schell, D. 2001. Mixing models in analyses of
Science Center, Anchorage.
diet using multiple stable isotopes: a response. Oecologia
Dyck, M.G., and Daley, K.J. 2002. Cannibalism of a yearling polar
(Berl.), 127: 180–184. doi:10.1007/s004420000570.
bear ( Ursus maritimus) at Churchill, Canada. Arctic, 55: 190–192.
Ben-David, M., Titus, K., and Beier, L.R. 2004. Consumption of
Ferguson, S.H., Taylor, M.K., and Messier, F. 2000. Influence of
salmon by Alaskan brown bears: a trade-off between nutritional
sea ice dynamics on habitat selection by polar bears. Ecology,
requirements and the risk of infanticide? Oecologia (Berl.), 138: 81: 761–772. doi:10.2307/177375.
465–474. doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1442-x. PMID:14673639.
Frost, K.J., Lowry, L.F., and Carroll, G. 1993. Beluga whale and
Bentzen, T.W. 2006. Winter feeding ecology and biomagnification
spotted seal use of a coastal lagoon system in the northeastern
of organochlorine contaminants in Alaskan polar bears. M.S.
Chukchi Sea. Arctic, 46: 8–16.
thesis, Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of
Garner, G.W., Knick, S.T., and Douglas, D.C. 1990. Seasonal
Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks.
movements of adult female polar bears in the Bering and Chuk-
Best, R.C. 1985. Digestibility of ringed seals by the polar bear.
chi Seas. In Bears — Their Biology and Management: Proceed-
Can. J. Zool. 63: 1033–1036.
ings of the Eighth International Conference on Bear Research
Bethke, R., Taylor, M.K., Amstrup, S.C., and Messier, F. 1996. Po-
and Management, Victoria, B.C., 20–25 February 1989. Edited
pulation delineation of polar bears using satellite collar data.
by L.M. Darling and W.R. Archibald. International Association Ecol. Appl. 6: 311–317. doi:10.2307/2269574.